By Ahmad Faizun
Self-sufficiency is an effort to meet one's own needs. This term was popularized during President Soeharto's era through his food self-sufficiency program which proved to be superior and successful so that it received a world-class award. Unfortunately, this country is a net importer in almost all major sectors: rice, meat, fuel, gas and technology.
Indonesia is a country with an attractive market in the world. The rise of health issues from syrup drugs which are dangerous and deadly for toddlers is one proof that Indonesia is a large market for the health industry, whose annual market volume reaches USD 41.2 billion (2021) and is estimated to be USD 63.8 billion (2025). Without defense in the health industry, it will be difficult for us to maintain the fulfillment of medicines and health services in Indonesia.
Indeed, in terms of trade balance, the government as of August 2022, still has a positive balance of 35 Trillion United States ("US") Dollars, which is the main contribution of 51 Trillion US Dollars from the non-oil and gas sector and minus 16 Trillion US Dollars from the non-oil and gas sector . This minus really needs to be watched out for.
Pak Jokowi, on various occasions, has always warned about the latent danger of a 2023 recession. Therefore, during the G20 Bali presidency, the main priority issues raised were Global Health Architecture, Digital Transformation and Sustainable Energy Transition. But from our point of view, as observers and market players at the micro level. The work program will not only be successful if it is only proclaimed and echoed at a high level, the government level and the inter-country level. It needs to be translated into strategic-tactical programs that are able to answer the challenges of a better social life to support the slogan "recovering together".
The weakness of the Indonesian government, so far, has never had a measure of the success of a program implemented. Thus, many people are still in confusion, where did the taxes paid by them go. Accountability program from the APBN budget which reaches 3,000 trillion Rupiah. It is appropriate for the government to have a performance reporting system for the realization of the State Budget which is measured by achieving development goals effectively and efficiently, with the use of digital technology.
Observing the recession management program run by US President Barack Obama, describes the various programs implemented in a transparent manner and good governance practices. So that the public can assess what was implemented, what worked, what didn't, what was continued because everyone felt the benefits, and continued in the next presidency. It's not the best, but the US is one country where information disclosure can be exemplary. The Indonesian people need to have a digital forum, so that the programs carried out by the government become owned by the people, not just owned by a few people who have access to honorable council members, or become whisperers of the authorities.
Why 5.0?
We are trying to provide an idea for anyone who has an interest in arming society from the onslaught of the world economy which threatens a proper survival through a program whose hope is anti-recession.
Self-sufficiency 1.0
Self-sufficiency in food, there is no need to elaborate, we need to introspect and implement a systematic and consistent regional development program to empower villages to fulfill all their food needs independently. Government support for stabilizing food prices starts from the village.
The BumDes program has only been successful in a handful of villages that are ready. Villages that were not ready were unable to implement this program optimally, funds channeled through the bureaucratic channels were not channeled efficiently, as a result the aim to prosper the village was not achieved effectively.
Unclear performance measures, the uneven abilities of village heads and village officials are one of the reasons for this program's lack of success. In fact, this is the main key to resilience against recession and world economic shocks.
Self-sufficiency 2.0
Self-sufficiency in Transportation, a sustainable infrastructure development program, must begin gradually and continue to grow. Only by being independent in terms of transportation infrastructure, the price disparity of each village can be overcome. Because it is impossible for a village to meet all its needs. The exchange of goods and services between villages is only possible because of the independence of transportation routes.
As long as warp and teleportation technologies have not been invented, the distribution of goods and services cannot run without adequate infrastructure. In China, up to 2035, they plan to build 46,000 km of roads per year. In Indonesia, only about 466 km per year. The impact is really felt, in the north coast of Java Island alone, retail Pertalite at the Pertashop retail level is still at 12-13 rupiah, in the south of Java Island, it can be 13-15 thousand rupiah, because gas station stations do not operate 24 hours and are quite rare. Because it is not the main industrial transportation route.
Self-sufficiency 3.0
The superiority of the information industry technology is no doubt one of the triggers for the independence of a nation. Reflecting on the progress that South Korea has, their information technology industry is complemented by a content industry that has been developed in a mature and sustainable manner, which has proven to be able to compete with the United States as a producer of Apple devices, soap operas and Hollywood feature films.
Only with appropriate information technology, the government will be able to monitor all state revenues through consolidation of VAT data and company revenues as well as monitoring state expenditures through all ministry channels, central and regional governments.
The issue of information security, which was recently triggered by hacker Bjorka, has become an important argument for the Indonesian government, which is busy starting to collect data through various applications by each institution, especially those based on mass movements during the Covid-19 epidemic. Meanwhile, the data protection process for the technology used to collect the data has not been taken seriously.
The digital self-reliance program needs to be structured within a framework for developing data collection technology and digital services seriously towards citizen portals that are already owned by neighboring countries. The one-stop service portal for investment and business services oss Indonesia, is a good effort, especially if it is upgraded to individual services for better data integration, from all government services, such as tax, land and building, pbn, sim, stnk, bpkp, school , birth certificate etc.
Technological independence can be started through one identity for all of these services, because in fact, eKTP technology which is equipped with biometric data recording, can be used as a means of payment and as a means of anti-counterfeiting identity which is still common in society, if it has not been supported by appropriate technology.
If we look at China, the collection of biometric data, complemented by the installation of CCTV (closed-circuit television) throughout the country, allows the country to monitor the movements of its citizens, as an effort to prevent crimes that often occur at vulnerable points, such as human trafficking crimes. , robbery, theft and fraud.
The use of cost-effective technology will enable the reconstruction of crimes which are now widely covered by the mass media to be replayed in court, to obtain facts that cannot be engineered from real events.
Indonesia is still far behind in terms of monitoring its citizens from the CCTV side. Can be seen in the diagram above and the table below.
However, Indonesia should also have independence not only from physical surveillance, but also from online surveillance. China already has digital independence at this level, having proven capable of prohibiting the world's giant corporations from collecting data from their users.
Digital independence has become an absolute thing for the Indonesian people, something that needs to be built so that we do not spread our digital behavior and patterns of behavior to other nations.
Self-sufficiency 4.0
Financial independence, is the next thing to become a big player in the financial industry community. Indonesia, with the invasion of foreign banks in this country, is no longer able to stop foreign banks from operating at the provincial capital level, with regulations that are increasingly burdensome for business players to open and operate banks with all banking features and services. Foreign banks that have greater capital strength have entered the village level, through digital banking.
Indonesia needs to have a superior banking system, in such a way that it is able to compete in technology and banking services that compete with the international level. So the hope is that the Indonesian digital banking and financial industry will not only be able to meet all the needs of corporations and individuals in their own country down to the rural level, but also be able to fly flags in other countries.
An example is the Bank of Korea's policy that will provide convenience for their nation's subsidiary companies when doing business in other countries, as long as the ownership of a Korean-owned company reaches 10%, then the company will be classified as a Korean company and get easy capital as if it were operating in its own country.
Many policies and technologies can be developed in the financial industry, by following patterns implemented in other countries, while still referring to the character of the majority of Indonesia's population who still live in rural areas, who still need guidance to fully transform into an era of full digital independence.
Self-sufficiency 5.0
The era of self-sufficiency 5.0 is the independence of all sectors without exception, with the collaboration of all parties in all fields.
Indonesia is clearly separated by seas, maritime sector policies are unilateral, without the support of environmentally friendly industrial policies, conducive foreign trade regulations so that the biggest profits are only for certain parties.
The mindset and patterns of business transactions that have been carried out so far need to be changed. So that large-scale industry players need to become enablers of rural communities, support the smart village government program, so as to create shared capabilities, shared resilience, shared power to grow together, which is effective against world economic turmoil that is headed for a recession.
Only by supporting and strengthening each other can industry players survive, with a stable level of consumption. If consumption levels slow down, people choose to fast rather than go into debt or spend outside of basic needs. So only a handful of entrepreneurs and industries will survive the recession.
The government needs to provide incentives to advance industries that strengthen community-based industries and the power of self-sufficiency at the village and individual levels, so that at the macro level, the industry will survive, due to the stability of people's consumption patterns.
Entrepreneurs need to change their business patterns towards investments that strengthen the self-sufficiency program for each region and become a catalyst between villages, between provinces and countries. Only then, the minus trade balance in certain sectors, will be covered by reduced imports in the micro-consumption sector. Shifting sources of income from a national scale based on oligopoly, to income based on villages and village self-sufficiency.
Starting from village self-sufficiency, to self-sufficiency in transportation (including fuel and energy), digital self-sufficiency and banking self-sufficiency. So Indonesia needs orchestration through government programs supported by modern technology programs, which can measure all of its programs effectively, efficiently and transparently.
Instead of saving one party, let's collaborate, prepare all micro and macro economic components, collaborate towards self-sufficiency 5.0, so that this entire nation is able to meet all its needs in all fields - ready to face any scale of world recession storms. Merdeka! (Independent!)
reference:
https://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/5350454/healthcare-providers-in-indonesia-market
https://satudata.kemendag.go.id/data-informasi/perdagangan-luar-negeri/neraca-perdagangan-indonesia
https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-record/economy
https://www.tooltester.com/en/blog/the-worlds-most-surveilled-countries/